368 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
368 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
### 练习一
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```sql
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#(1)创建数据库
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CREATE DATABASE test04_Market DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;
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USE test04_Market;
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#(2)创建数据表
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CREATE TABLE customers(
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c_num INT(11) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
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c_name VARCHAR(50),
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c_contact VARCHAR(50),
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c_city VARCHAR(50),
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c_birth DATETIME NOT NULL
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);
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#(3)更改字段的位置
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#AFTER/BEFORE 字段名 设置位置在指定字段前/后
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ALTER TABLE 表名 MODIFY 字段名 数据类型 AFTER/BEFORE 字段名;
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ALTER TABLE customers MODIFY c_contact VARCHAR(50) AFTER c_birth;
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#(4)更改字段的数据类型
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ALTER TABLE customers MODIFY c_name VARCHAR(70);
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#(5)更改字段名
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ALTER TABLE customers CHANGE c_contact c_phone VARCHAR(50);
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#(6)添加字段
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ALTER TABLE customers ADD c_gender CHAR(1);
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#(7)更改表名
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ALTER TABLE customers RENAME TO customers_info;
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#(8)删除字段
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ALTER TABLE customers_info DROP c_city;
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```
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```sql
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#(1)创建表时 添加外键约束并指定外键约束名称
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CREATE TABLE orders(
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o_num INT(11) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
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o_date DATE,
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c_id INT(11),
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CONSTRAINT fk_cid FOREIGN KEY(c_id) REFERENCES customers_info(c_num)
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);
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#(2)
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#删除指定外键
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ALTER TABLE orders DROP FOREIGN KEY orders_ibfk_1;
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#删除指定表
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DROP TABLE orders;
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```
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---
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### 练习二
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```sql
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#(1)创建表、插入记录
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CREATE TABLE pet(
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`name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '宠物名称',
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`owner` VARCHAR(20) COMMENT '宠物主人',
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species VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '种类',
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sex CHAR(1) NOT NULL COMMENT '性别',
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birth YEAR NOT NULL COMMENT '出生日期',
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death YEAR COMMENT '死亡日期'
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);
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INSERT INTO pet()
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VALUES
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('Fluffy', 'Harold', 'cat', 'f', 2003, 2010),
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('Claws', 'Gwen', 'cat', 'm', 2004,NULL ),
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('Buffy', NULL, 'dog', 'f', 2009, NULL),
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('Fang', 'Benny', 'dog', 'm', 2000, NULL),
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('Bowser', 'Diane', 'dog', 'm', 2003, 2009),
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('Chirpy', NULL, 'bird', 'f', 2008, NULL);
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#(2)更新记录
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UPDATE pet
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SET `owner` = 'Kevin'
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WHERE `name` = 'Fang';
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#(3)
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UPDATE pet
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SET `owner` = 'Kevin'
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WHERE `owner` IS NULL;
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#(4)
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DELETE FROM pet
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WHERE death IS NOT NULL;
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#(5)
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TRUNCATE pet;
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```
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---
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### 练习三
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```sql
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#1.创建数据库
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CREATE DATABASE test_compay DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;
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#2.创建表
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CREATE TABLE department(
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depid INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
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depname VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
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deinfo VARCHAR(50)
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);
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CREATE TABLE employee(
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empid INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
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`name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
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sex CHAR(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '男',
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title VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
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birthday DATE NOT NULL,
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depid INT,
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CONSTRAINT fk_eid_did FOREIGN KEY(depid) REFERENCES department(depid)
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);
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CREATE TABLE salary(
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empid INT,
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basesalary DECIMAL(10, 2),
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titleSalary DECIMAL(10, 2),
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decuction DECIMAL(10, 2)
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);
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#3添加外键并设置级联更新、级联删除
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ALTER TABLE salary ADD CONSTRAINT fk_sal_eid FOREIGN KEY(empid)
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REFERENCES employee(empid) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE;
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#4插入记录
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INSERT INTO department (depid, depname, deinfo)
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VALUES
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(111, '生产部', NULL),
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(222, '销售部', NULL),
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(333, '人事部', NULL),
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(444, '财务部', '负责公司财务管理'),
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(555, '技术部', '负责技术研发与支持'),
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(666, '市场部', '负责市场推广与品牌建设'),
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(777, '客服部', '负责客户服务与支持'),
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(888, '采购部', '负责公司物资采购'),
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(999, '法务部', '负责公司法律事务'),
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(1010, '行政部', '负责公司日常行政管理'),
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(1011, '研发部', '负责新产品研发'),
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(1012, '培训部', '负责员工培训与发展');
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INSERT INTO employee (empid, name, sex, title, birthday, depid)
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VALUES
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(1001, '张三', '男', '高级工程师', '1975-1-1', 111),
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(1002, '李四', '女', '助工', '1985-1-1', 111),
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(1003, '王五', '男', '工程师', '1978-11-11', 222),
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(1004, '赵六', '男', '工程师', '1999-1-1', 222),
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(1005, '陈七', '女', '会计师', '1980-5-15', 444),
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(1006, '刘八', '男', '软件工程师', '1990-8-20', 555),
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(1007, '孙九', '女', '市场经理', '1985-12-25', 666),
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(1008, '周十', '男', '客服专员', '1992-3-10', 777),
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(1009, '吴十一', '女', '采购经理', '1988-7-22', 888),
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(1010, '郑十二', '男', '法务顾问', '1983-9-30', 999),
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(1011, '王十三', '女', '行政助理', '1995-4-18', 1010),
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(1012, '李十四', '男', '研发工程师', '1991-11-5', 1011),
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(1013, '赵十五', '女', '培训讲师', '1987-6-12', 1012),
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(1014, '孙十六', '男', '技术支持', '1993-2-14', 555),
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(1015, '杨十七', '女', '销售代表', '1994-8-8', 222);
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INSERT INTO salary (empid, basesalary, titleSalary, decuction)
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VALUES
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(1001, 2200, 1100, 200),
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(1002, 1200, 200, NULL),
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(1003, 2900, 700, 200),
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(1004, 1950, 700, 150),
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(1005, 2500, 800, 100),
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(1006, 3000, 1200, 250),
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(1007, 2800, 1000, 200),
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(1008, 1800, 300, 50),
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(1009, 3200, 900, 300),
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(1010, 3500, 1000, 400),
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(1011, 2000, 400, 100),
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(1012, 3100, 1100, 200),
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(1013, 2700, 800, 150),
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(1014, 2300, 700, 100),
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(1015, 2600, 600, 200);
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```
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```sql
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#5
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SELECT e.empid, e.`name`, e.title, d.depname, s.basesalary + s.titleSalary, s.basesalary + s.titleSalary-IFNULL(s.decuction, 0)
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FROM employee e, department d, salary s
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WHERE e.depid = d.depid AND e.empid = s.empid;
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#6
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SELECT e.`name`, s.basesalary
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FROM employee e, department d, salary s
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WHERE e.depid = d.depid AND e.empid = s.empid AND d.depname = '销售部';
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#7
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SELECT *
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FROM employee e
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WHERe e.`name` LIKE '张%' AND TIMESTAMPDIFF(YEAR,e.birthday, NOW()) < 40;
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#8
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SELECT e.`name`, s.basesalary, s.titleSalary
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FROM employee e, salary s
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WHERE e.sex = '男' AND e.empid AND s.empid;
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#9
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SELECT e.`name`, e.title, d.depname
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FROM employee e, department d, salary s
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WHERE e.depid = d.depid AND e.empid = s.empid AND s.basesalary < 2000;
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#10
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SELECT COUNT(*)
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FROM employee;
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#11
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SELECT COUNT(*)
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FROM department d;
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#12
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SELECT AVG(s.basesalary + s.titleSalary), MAX(s.basesalary + s.titleSalary), MIN(s.basesalary + s.titleSalary)
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FROM employee e, salary s
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WHERE e.empid = s.empid;
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#13
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SELECT d.depname, AVG(s.basesalary + s.titleSalary)
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FROM employee e, salary s, department d
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WHERE e.empid = s.empid AND e.depid = d.depid
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GROUP BY d.depid;
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#14
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SELECT d.depname, AVG(s.basesalary + s.titleSalary) avg
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FROM employee e, salary s, department d
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WHERE e.empid = s.empid AND e.depid = d.depid
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GROUP BY d.depid
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HAVING avg<2000;
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#15
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SELECT e.empid, e.`name`, s.basesalary, s.titleSalary, s.decuction
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FROM employee e, salary s, department d
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WHERE e.empid = s.empid AND e.depid = d.depid
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ORDER BY s.titleSalary, s.basesalary;
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#16
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SELECT e.empid, e.`name`, e.birthday,
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IF(YEAR(e.birthday) < 1980, '老年',
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IF(YEAR(e.birthday)< 1990, '中年', '青壮年'))
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FROM employee e;
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#17
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SELECT e.*, depname
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FROM employee e, department d
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WHERE e.depid = d.depid;
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#18
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SELECT d.*, e.*
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FROM employee e, department d
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WHERE e.depid = d.depid;
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#19
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SELECT *
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FROM employee e
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WHERE e.title LIKE '%工程师%' AND e.sex = '男';
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#20
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SELECT d.depname, e.sex, COUNT(*), AVG(s.basesalary)
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FROM employee e, department d, salary s
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WHERE e.depid = d.depid AND e.empid = s.empid
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GROUP BY d.depid, e.sex;
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```
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---
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### 练习四
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```sql
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#1
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CREATE DATABASE test_school DEFAULT CHARACTER SET 'UTF8';
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#2
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DROP TABLE department;
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CREATE TABLE department(
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depNo INT(10) PRIMARY KEY COMMENT '部门号',
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depName VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '部门名称',
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depNote VARCHAR(20) COMMENT '部门备注'
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);
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CREATE TABLE teacher(
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number INT PRIMARY KEY COMMENT '教工号',
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`name` VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL COMMENT '姓名',
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sex VARCHAR(4) COMMENT '性别',
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birth DATE COMMENT '出生日期',
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depNo INT COMMENT '部门号',
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salary FLOAT COMMENT '工资',
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address VARCHAR(100) COMMENT '家庭住址'
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);
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INSERT INTO department()
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VALUES
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(601, '软件技术系', '软件技术等专业'),
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(602, '网络技术系', '多媒体技术等专业'),
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(603, '艺术设计系', '广告艺术设计等专业'),
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(604, '管理工程系', '连锁经营管理等专业');
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INSERT INTO teacher()
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VALUES
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(2001, 'Tom', '女', '1970-01-10', 602, 4500, '四川省绵阳市'),
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(2002, 'Lucy', '男', '1983-12-18', 601, 2500, '北京市昌平区'),
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(2003, 'Mike', '男', '1990-06-01', 604, 1500, '重庆市渝中区'),
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(2004, 'James', '女', '1980-10-20', 602, 3500, '四川省成都市'),
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(2005, 'Jack', '男', '1975-05-30', 603, 1200, '重庆市南岸区');
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```
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```sql
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#4
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SELECT *
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FROM teacher;
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#5
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SELECT t.number '教工号', d.depName '部门名称'
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FROM teacher t, department d
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WHERE t.depNo = d.depNo AND t.address LIKE '%北京%';
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#6
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SELECT t.number, t.`name`
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FROM teacher t
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ORDER BY t.salary DESC
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LIMIT 1;
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#7
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SELECT t.number, t.`name`
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FROM teacher t
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WHERE t.salary BETWEEN 2500 AND 4000;
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#8
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SELECT t.`name`, t.sex, t.salary
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FROM teacher t, department d
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WHERE t.depNo = d.depNo AND d.depName = '网络技术系';
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```
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---
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### 练习五
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```sql
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```
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```sql
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```
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---
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### 练习六
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```sql
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```
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---
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### 练习七
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```sql
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```
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---
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### 练习八
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```sql
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```
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